Hauv pem teb ntawm lub tsev ntim khoom yog cov txheej txheem txheej txheem uas nqa qhov hnyav ntawm tib neeg, rooj tog zaum, thiab khoom siv, thiab tseem yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev nce hauv av noo thiab condensation. Kev daws teeb meem hauv pem teb ua tiav suav nrog plaub cov kauj ruam loj: kev tsim kho vaj tsev, kev tsim cov dej tsis zoo, txheej txheej rwb thaiv tsev, thiab ua kom tiav. Kab lus no qhia txog kev kho lub hauv paus, kev tiv thaiv hauv qab dej, cov txheej txheem hauv pem teb, thiab cov ntaub ntawv saum npoo, pab cov neeg xa khoom thiab cov neeg siv tsim cov txheej txheem hauv pem teb kom ruaj khov thiab xis nyob.
1. Kev kho lub hauv paus (sab nraum lub thawv)
Kev kho lub hauv paus kom zoo yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev sib haum xeeb, tilting, thiab dej sib sau hauv qab lub tsev ntim khoom.
Foundation nchuav: Txuj kev xyaum yog nchuavC25 qibua vaj tse ywj siab footings nrog ib tug tuab ntawm tsis tsawg tshaj li 30 cm thiab ntxiv dag zog rau steel mesh.
Flatness tswj: Lub hauv paus nto yuav tsum smoothed thiab tiav, nrog ib tug levelness kam rau ua± 5 hlilos muab ib qho chaw txhawb nqa rau lub thawv hauv qab.
2. Hauv qab Moisture-Proof Construction
Kev kho dej-pov thawj hauv qab ntawm lub thawv siv ntau txheej txheej, nrog rau ntau qhov kev ntsuas ua haujlwm ua ke los ua kom tiav cov dej noo-pov thawj:
Lub teeb aggregate pob zeb sloping txheej: Sau cov thav duab hauv qab ntawm lub thawv nrog lub teeb yuag aggregate (piv txwv li, ceramsite) pob zeb los tsim ib txheej sloped screed.
Cast-in-place reinforced qhob txheej: Muab ib txheej cam khwb cia rau hauv-qhov chaw uas muaj cov pob zeb ua ke rau saum.
Waterproof membrane: LajSBS hloov bitumen waterproof membranenruab nrab ntawm ob txheej los tsim ib qho kev txhim khu kev qha waterproof barrier.
Vapor barrier: Lay polyethylene vapor barrier zaj duab xis nrog lub thickness tsis pub tsawg tshaj 0.2 hli ntawm lub hauv paus nto, sib tshooj pob qij txha los ntawm tsawg kawg yog 15 cm thiab sealing nrog waterproof daim kab xev.
Kev txhim kho siab: Txhim kho cov ntoo tiv thaiv corrosive lossis cov pob zeb ua vaj tse 5-10 cm siab hauv qab lub thawv los tsim cov txheej txheem cua uas txhawb nqa qhov cua hauv qab.
Sab hauv waterproofing: Ua ntej hauv pem teb tiav, siv cov cementitious penetrating crystalline waterproofing tus neeg saib xyuas; tig kom tsawg kawg 30 cm ntawm cov ces kaum kom tsis txhob dampness thiab pwm.
Pib upstand: Khaws qhov siab qhov sib txawv ntawm 15-20 cm ntawm sab hauv thiab sab nrauv, thiab nruab ib lub qhov dej tsis zoo ntawm qhov chaw pib kom tiv thaiv cov dej los nag los.
3. Pem Teb Cov Txheej Txheem Txheej Txheem thiab Cov Txheej Txheem Txheej Txheem (hauv lub thawv)
Cov txheej txheem hauv pem teb muaj cov kab teeb hauv qab, cov kab sib npaug sib npaug, thiab cov khoom ntim ntawm lawv. Lub ntug ntawm lub hauv qab kaw phaj yog nruj nreem txuas rau upward projection ntawm qab ncej kab teeb, tsim ib tug kaw hauv qab kab noj hniav.
Pem teb rwb thaiv tsev: Sau cov qhov khoob ntawm cov kab teeb ci nrogXPS extruded polystyrenelos yog polyurethane rwb thaiv tsev, nrog ib tug pom zoo thickness ntawm txog 50 hli. Lub zog compressive ntawm XPS lub rooj tsavxwm yuav tsum tsis muaj tsawg dua300 kPakom haum raws li qhov xav tau ntawm lub thawv ntim khoom.
4. Kev xaiv cov khoom siv hauv pem teb
Cov txheej txheem siv hauv pem teb feem ntau suav nrog cov txheej hauv qab no:
Sub-base: Laib18 hli tuab high-density cement fiber boardlos yog OSB (oriented strand board) raws li lub hauv paus txheej, uas yog noo-resistant, tsis-combustible, thiab high-lub zog.
Hnav txheej: Feem ntau cov tiav suav nrog SPC nyem-lock flooring, PVC ntawv flooring, laminated wood flooring, los yog ceramic vuas.
SPC (pob zeb yas Composite)tau dhau los ua qhov kev xaiv tseem ceeb rau lub thawv tsev hauv pem teb tiav:
Tsis muaj formaldehyde, ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg thiab nyab xeeb
Waterproof, hluav taws-resistant, thiab hnav-resistant
Yooj yim rau nruab (nias-lock system) thiab rov ua dua tshiab
Cov tuab tuab 4-6 hli, haum rau qhov siab qis qis
5. Cov teeb meem hauv pem teb thiab kev daws teeb meem
| Teeb meem | Ua rau | Kev daws |
|---|---|---|
| Pem teb dampness, condensation | Tsis muaj dej thaiv los yog tsis txaus cua hauv qab | Ntxiv vapor barrier + elevated ventilation txheej + rwb thaiv tsev txheej |
| Hauv pem teb tsis sib xws, tilting thawv | Poorly leveled foundation los yog kev sib hais haum | Ncuav C25 pob zeb hauv paus nrog steel reinforcement |
| Pem teb buckling, deformation | Sub-base noo noo expansion | Siv high-density cement fiber board thiab xyuas kom cov dej tsis zoo hauv qab |
| tsw, pwm | Tsis zoo sealing, noo noo ingress | Kaw tag nrho cov pob qij txha, siv cov txheej txheem dej tsis zoo, thiab txhim kho qhov cua |
Chengdu Fangda Magic House's Flooring Practice
Chengdu Fangda Magic House tau tsim cov txheej txheem ua tiav los ntawm kev tsim kho hauv paus rau kev ua tiav rau kev kho hauv pem teb. Lub tuam txhab muab cov kev daws teeb meem sib txawv hauv pem teb raws li cov yam ntxwv ntawm ib puag ncig ntawm kev lag luam tawm txawv teb chaws (xws li cov av noo nyob rau sab hnub tuaj Asia, dryness hauv Australia, khov-thaw cycles hauv North America). Nws cov khoom tau raug xa tawm mus rau ntau tshaj 30 lub teb chaws thiab cheeb tsam, accumulating nws kim heev engineering kev nyob rau hauv ntau yam climatic tej yam kev mob thiab kev siv scenarios, kom ntseeg tau ntev-lub sij hawm txhim khu kev qha lag luam ntawm lub tsev ntim khoom nyob rau hauv txawv teb chaws kev lag luam.
